A Tale of Two Education Systems: Unveiling the UK and Finland's Approach

By Dean Cotton, Managing Director, Behaviour Smart Ltd

Education plays a pivotal role in shaping societies and preparing future generations for success. Among the various education systems worldwide, the UK and Finland have gained international recognition for their unique approaches.

People in the UK often talk about how wonderful the education system is in Finland, but a quick Google search offers a variety of results depending on the page you click on. That been said, determining whether one education system is better than another is subjective and depends on various factors and perspectives. It is important to note that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to education, and what works well in one country may not necessarily be effective in another. Both the Finnish and UK education systems have their own strengths and weaknesses. In this blog, we delve into the characteristics of both systems, exploring the similarities and differences of two education systems that make them stand out in the global arena. Comparing the education systems of the UK and Finland reveals distinct approaches to teaching and learning. The UK focuses on specialisation, standardised testing, and individual achievement, while Finland emphasises holistic education, continuous assessment, teacher autonomy, and equity. Both systems have their merits and challenges, and there is much to learn from each other. By exploring the strengths of these systems, we can strive towards building an education system that prepares students for success, promotes well-being, and fosters a sense of inclusivity and equity.

Holistic Approach vs. Specialisation:

The UK education system places significant emphasis on specialisation. Students choose their subjects early on, focusing on their intended career paths. This approach aims to develop expertise in specific areas. In contrast, Finland adopts a more holistic approach. Finnish students enjoy a broad curriculum until the age of 16, which includes a range of subjects, such as mathematics, sciences, languages, arts, and physical education. This approach aims to foster well-rounded individuals with a broad knowledge base.

Assessment and Standardised Testing:

The UK education system is known for its rigorous examination culture. Students in the UK often face multiple standardised tests, such as GCSEs and A-levels. These exams play a crucial role in determining university admissions and future opportunities. In Finland, however, the approach to assessment is different. Finland believes in minimizing stress and focusing on a comprehensive evaluation of students. It emphasises continuous assessment methods, including teacher evaluations and project-based assessments, with minimal reliance on standardised tests.

Teacher Training and Autonomy:

The teaching profession holds great prestige in Finland. Finnish teachers undergo rigorous training and are required to hold master's degrees. This emphasis on high-quality teacher education ensures a well-prepared and motivated teaching workforce. Furthermore, Finnish teachers enjoy considerable autonomy in designing their curriculum and assessing student progress. In the UK, while teacher training is also a priority, the level of autonomy is comparatively lower due to a more centralised curriculum and assessment framework.

Equity and Inclusion:

Finland's education system has gained international acclaim for its emphasis on equity and inclusion. Finnish schools strive for equal opportunities for all students, irrespective of their socio-economic background or special needs. The focus on comprehensive support services, small class sizes, and individualised attention helps create an inclusive learning environment. Conversely, the UK education system faces challenges in achieving equitable outcomes, with concerns regarding educational disparities and access to resources for disadvantaged students.

Learning Environment and Well-being:

The Finnish education system recognises the importance of student well-being and a positive learning environment. Finnish schools provide ample opportunities for physical activity, outdoor learning, and free play. They value breaks, recess, and limited homework to ensure students have a balanced lifestyle. In the UK, while efforts are being made to prioritize student well-being, there is a growing recognition of the need to strike a better balance between academic pressures and student mental health.

The Finnish education system is often lauded for its strong performance in international assessments like the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). It is known for its holistic approach, focus on student well-being, highly qualified teachers, and emphasis on equity and inclusion. Finnish students consistently rank among the top performers in these assessments, showcasing their strong foundation in core subjects and problem-solving skills.

On the other hand, the UK education system has its own merits. The UK has prestigious universities that are globally recognized, and its education system has a long-standing reputation for academic rigor and specialization. The UK system places a strong emphasis on preparing students for their chosen career paths and offers a wide range of specialized subjects and vocational training opportunities.

It is essential to consider the unique cultural, societal, and economic contexts of each country when evaluating their education systems. Factors such as population size, diversity, resources, and historical influences can significantly impact the design and outcomes of an education system.

Ultimately, the goal should be to learn from the strengths of different education systems and adapt them to meet the specific needs of a country's students. It is more constructive to focus on identifying areas for improvement and implementing evidence-based practices that support the development of well-rounded individuals, critical thinking skills, creativity, and a love for lifelong learning.

I believe that rather than declaring one system as universally superior, it is more valuable to strive for continuous improvement in education and explore innovative approaches that benefit all students, regardless of their geographical location or background.